Well unless the game will be self voicing you need to be very careful with Java and Flash. They both have accessibility issues with screen readers, there are ways around it I believe but in the same way most web designers don't know how to properly use "alt" tags most Java or Flash apps aren't accessible.
It should be possible to use the Microsoft SAPI interface with C, or at least C++, but I'm not sure about Java and I can't imagine it working with Flash but I could always be wrong.
If it's self voicing the only requirements are the ability to play sound and catch keyboard input as far as I'm aware, the rest is down to what you prefer and what you expect to require of player's machines in terms of possible additional installations.
cx2
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